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ये Fundamental Ratio Check करना जरूरी है 💰 Portfolio Safe और Growth Strategy

Stock Market में portfolio safe और growth maintain करने के लिए सिर्फ stock खरीदना काफी नहीं है। Strong और sustainable returns पाने के लिए fundamental ratios check करना जरूरी है। Beginners अक्सर इन ratios ignore कर देते हैं और loss face करते हैं।

आज हम सीखेंगे step-by-step approach, जिससे आप portfolio safe रखें और long-term growth maximize कर सकें।

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Step 1️⃣: Price-to-Earnings (P/E) Ratio

• Definition: Stock price / Earnings per share (EPS)

• Use: Stock overvalued या undervalued है या नहीं check करने के लिए

• Guideline:

  • Low P/E = undervalued → potential growth

  • High P/E = overvalued → risk high

💡 Tip: Sector aur industry average P/E के साथ compare करें

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Step 2️⃣: Debt-to-Equity (D/E) Ratio

• Definition: Total debt / Shareholder equity

• Use: Company का financial risk समझने के लिए

• Guideline:

  • Low D/E = low risk, safer investment

  • High D/E = risky, specially economic slowdown में

💡 Tip: Debt manageable हो, interest coverage strong हो

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Step 3️⃣: Return on Equity (ROE)

• Definition: Net profit / Shareholder equity

• Use: Company की profitability measure करने के लिए

• Guideline:

  • High ROE = efficient management + strong growth

  • Low ROE = inefficient use of capital

💡 Tip: Consistent high ROE long-term growth signal है

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Step 4️⃣: Current Ratio / Liquidity Ratios

• Definition: Current assets / Current liabilities

• Use: Short-term financial stability check करने के लिए

• Guideline:

  • Ratio > 1.5 = comfortable liquidity

  • Ratio < 1 = risk higher

💡 Tip: Crash में strong liquidity वाली companies survive करती हैं

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Step 5️⃣: Dividend Yield

• Definition: Annual dividend / Stock price

• Use: Long-term passive income aur portfolio growth के लिए

• Guideline:

  • Moderate dividend yield + growth = strong investment

  • High dividend but declining company = risky

💡 Tip: Dividend reinvestment = compounding + portfolio growth

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Step 6️⃣: Combine Ratios for Smart Investment

• P/E + D/E + ROE + Liquidity + Dividend yield together analyze करें

• Strong fundamentals = long-term safe + growth investment

• Weak fundamentals = avoid, specially during market volatility

💡 Tip: Single ratio पर भरोसा मत करें, combined analysis best

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Real-life Example

मान लीजिए TCS stock:

• P/E = 28 → fair valuation

• D/E = 0.05 → low debt

• ROE = 36% → high profitability

• Current ratio = 2 → strong liquidity

• Dividend yield = 1.5% → moderate + consistent

✅ Result: Strong fundamentals → long-term safe + growth investment

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Common Mistakes Beginners करते हैं

1. Fundamentals ignore करना → high-risk investment

2. Single ratio पर decision लेना

3. Hype / price movement देखके impulsive invest करना

4. Dividend ignore करना

5. Debt aur liquidity metrics check नहीं करना

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FAQs

Q1: Fundamental ratios कितना important हैं?

• बहुत important, risk management + safe growth के लिए

Q2: P/E high होने पर invest करें?

• Only if strong growth prospects और sector average ke comparison में justified

Q3: Dividend reinvest क्यों करें?

• Compounding effect से long-term wealth maximize होती है

Q4: Crash में कौनसे ratios सबसे ज्यादा देखे जाएँ?

• D/E low, liquidity strong, consistent ROE aur dividend

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Conclusion

Portfolio safe और growth strategy के लिए fundamental ratios check करना जरूरी है:

💡 Key Points:

1. P/E ratio → valuation

2. D/E ratio → financial risk

3. ROE → profitability

4. Liquidity ratio → short-term stability

5. Dividend yield → passive income + compounding

इन step-by-step fundamentals को follow करके आप portfolio safe रख सकते हो और long-term growth maximize कर सकते हो 💰

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